Batteries are critical to a number of existing and emerging power systems in naval vessels, including motive power for unmanned underwater vehicles and directed energy weapons on surface ships.  There are numerous other applications within the  Navy (and within DoD) where lithium ion batteries are being used or planned for use, including: emergency back-up power on ships, auxiliary power on aircraft, land-based directed energy weapons systems, UAVs, and depot storage of batteries used in soldier power systems.

Reliability and safety are critical concerns for advanced battery systems.  Over-charged, degraded or damaged lithium-ion batteries emit hazardous gases that can cause explosions or mass fire casualty if left unchecked. Current battery monitoring methods, such as temperature and voltage, are insufficient for detecting impending battery failures with enough time to take mitigating action.  Better measurement tools and safer li-ion battery methods are needed to protect Navy personnel and assets from potential fires and damage caused by lithium ion battery off-gassing.

Current battery monitoring methods, such as temperature and voltage, are insufficient for detecting impending battery failures with enough time to take mitigating action.